Study Method #1 

1.) How do you reference this journal in an APA work cited?

Anthony. J (2007). Drinking Water for the Third World: Problems and Prospects in a Medium-Sized City. Journal of the American Planing Association 223-237.

 2.) What method is being used?

Cross Sectional

 3.) How do the authors use the method? What do they use it for? What specifically does the method enable them to do? Why did they choose this method rather than another? What was it about this research agenda/topic that led them to choose this particular method? Answer a handful of these. They all get at similar thing. But I want blocks of texts.

 This research study is being done in North East India in Imphal; a third world urban area. The researchers went door to door asking the locals to fill out a simple questionnaire. They didn't limit their demographic to a certain residential area, it was vastly spread out. They compiled questionnaires from a large amount of the population ranging in different socioeconomic status, educational background, and ethnicity. This method allowed them to see what the primary water source was for certain area's. And if the primary water source provided a adequate water supply. This method was best used because it allowed the researchers to gather information from the direct source instead of observing or investigating over time.

  4.) What is the conclusion of the study? And how did the method enable them to reach that particular conclusion?

All in all there was not a sufficient water supply. The main sources were piped water, private ponds, neighborhood ponds, tubewells and handpumps, water tankers, water trolleys, and rainwater harvesting, with most households using more than one source. The water supply was inconsistent with impurities, residents were uncertain when they would be able to use their piped water. They were able to discover this due to the specific questions on the questionnaire. Asking for written responses to what water supply they used and how they used it.

  5.)What was one interesting thing you discovered by leafing through this article?

 The one thing that resonated the most with me was the level of difficulty the residents of Imphal have just to get water. Not to mention quality water, it's a daily struggle. Most of their income went to acquiring water.

 Study Method #2 

 1.)How do you reference this journal in an APA work cited?

Diduch, M (2013). Factors Affecting the Quality of Bottled Water.Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology. 23.2, PG 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jes.2012.101

2.) What method is being used?

Cross Sectional

3.)How do the authors use the method? What do they use it for? What specifically does the method enable them to do? Why did they choose this method rather than another? What was it about this research agenda/topic that led them to choose this particular method? Answer a handful of these. They all get at similar thing. But I want blocks of texts. 

The researchers are taking samples of bottled water that are made from all around the globe. And testing this water for its different level of impurities. After testing for the level of impurities the sample is then traced back to its origin. Whether it be from well sources, underground aquifers, rainfall etc. After tracing the water samples back to their origin, potential water contaminants are considered such as transportation or packaging methods. Case control was used due to the wide variety of water being tested from various origins. They gathered data from all around the world to determine their exposure and chemical balance. Having a wide variety of testing samples called for a method that was meant for multiple different samples.

 4.) What is the conclusion of the study? And how did the method enable them to reach that particular conclusion?

The conclusion of this study was quite vast. However the main take away from this article was that water with fewer amounts of organic components the better. It is ever so easily for certain pollutants to affect purity of water. Such as oil run off, urination, or pesticides. Although the level of impurities varies from nation to nation.

 5.)What was one interesting thing you discovered by leafing through this article?

 What I found most interesting about this study was the inconsistency of water impurities from different water sources around the world. The area from which the water originated and what environments it was exposed to, to get to its final location. Changed the chemical balance significantly. Find out where your drinking water is coming from!

Study Method #3 

 1.) How do you reference this journal in an APA work cited?

Suthar, S. Environ Monit Assess (2011). Contaminated drinking water and rural health perspectives in Rajasthan, India: an overview of recent case studies. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment pg 837-849, doi:10.1007/s10661-010-1427-2

2.) What method is being used?

Case Control

 3.) How do the authors use the method? What do they use it for? What specifically does the method enable them to do? Why did they choose this method rather than another? What was it about this research agenda/topic that led them to choose this particular method? Answer a handful of these. They all get at similar thing. But I want blocks of texts.

This method is used from gathering soil/water samples from different parts of the region. The researchers tested the soil/water samples for their specific level of Nitrate. Using the case control method they were able to gauge which parts of the area were under sever pollution threats. Thus finding the possible factors that could be leading to Nitrate enriched soil/water. This method was most logical to use because of the large amount of area's they were testing.

4.)What is the conclusion of the study? And how did the method enable them to reach that particular conclusion?

 The conclusion of this study was that the drinking water quality in the rural part of northern Rajasthan, India is unsuitable if residents are drinking the water in large amounts. The case control method gave them enough supporting evidence to prove the high level of nitrate in the soil/water was unsuitable for continued human consumption.

 5.)What was one interesting thing you discovered by leafing through this article?

 What I found interesting was that the consumption of this nitrate rich water had the most detrimental affect on young children. If continuously consumed the nitrate enriched water can cause Methemoglobinemia which is a blood disorder. Causing brain dysfunction, seizures, and discoloring in the skin.

  Study Method #4

1.)How do you reference this journal in an APA work cited?

 Sukkasi, S (2015). Improving the efficacy of solar water disinfection by incremental design innovation, ProQuest pg 2013-2027.

 2.) What method is being used?

 Research

 3.) How do the authors use the method? What do they use it for? What specifically does the method enable them to do? Why did they choose this method rather than another? What was it about this research agenda/topic that led them to choose this particular method? Answer a handful of these. They all get at similar thing. But I want blocks of texts.

The researchers test this method by first gathering certain water samples in clear containers with known water impurities. While applying direct sunlight to container with certain weather conditions. The research was to see if the direct sunlight to the bottle would eliminate any pathogens in the water. This research method allows them to test for different scenarios; cloudy days, sunny days etc. To find if the sunlight truly has a positive affect in eliminating any pathogens.

 4.)What is the conclusion of the study? And how did the method enable them to reach that particular conclusion?

The conclusion was that the sunlight did eliminate some pathogens residing in the water. However, there was a significant difference in the water impurities when the temperature outside was warmer; fifty degrees or warmer. The temperature affected the amount of pathogens in the water. Proving the point that if direct sunlight hits water for longer than six hours, pathogens within the water can be eliminated.

 5.) What was one interesting thing you discovered by leafing through this article?

 I grew up believing the complete opposite of this study. I was brought up to believe that if water was left inside a clear container with direct sunlight hitting it, it then can become contaminated. Although, it is quite the opposite.